Lääkikseen eli pänttäyskertomus: Lisää biomolekyyleistä

Jun 9, 2009

Lisää biomolekyyleistä

Diagnosis by Pikkis - reported on Tuesday, June 09, 2009

'
Siis aminohapoista...
(vähän protskuistakin)

Aminohappo:
- muoto: amino+karboksyyliryhmä
- tärkeät polypeptidit: yksi- ja kolmikirjainlyhentein (esim. alaniini, Ala, A)
- 20 α-aminohappoa mukana proteiinisynteesissä
- kaikkiaan kymmeniä-satoja, kaikki L-aminohappoja (paitsi glysiini)
- tosi pieniä yhdisteitä molekyylipainoltaan (150-200g/mol)!
- vapaina verenkierrossa
- vapaina soluissa
* reseptoriproteiinit solukalvossa
- peptidisidoksiset aminohappotähteet proteiineissa (esim. insuliini):
* aminohappo jossa vapaa aminoryhmä = N-pää = aminopää
-> ah:n karboksyyliryhmä liittyy seuraavan ah:n aminoryhmään
(h2o:ta poistuu)
-> dipeptidi
-> 3. ah mukaan
-> tripeptidi
-> 4. ah mukaan, jne. useisiin satoihin
-> polypeptidi
-> sekundaariset ja tertiaariset rakenteet
-> joissakin rikkisiltoja
-> viimeinen karboksyyliryhmä jää vapaaksi = C-pää = karboksyylipää
- ryhmittely sivuketjun mukaan:
1. happamat
2. emäksiset
3. varauksettomat hydrofiiliset
4. hydrofobiset
5. rikkiä sisältävät

Selvitä mitä aminohappoja on reseptoriproteiinien solukalvon läpi menevissä osissa?

Käsitteitä

α-aminohappo
alaniini (hydrofobinen)
aminohappotähteet (proteiinissa)
aminopää (N-pää)
aminoryhmä
argiini (emäksinen)
asparagiini (varaukseton hydrofiilinen)
asparagiinihappo (hapan)
C-pää (karboksyylipää)
dipeptidi
fenyylialaniini (hydrofobinen)
glutamiini (varaukseton hydrofiilinen)
glutamiinihappo (hapan)
glysiini (varaukseton hydrofiilinen)
histidiini (emäksinen)
insuliini
isoleusiini (hydrofobinen)
karboksyylipää (C-pää)
karboksyyliryhmä
kysteiini (rikkipitoinen)
L-aminohappo
leusiini (hydrofobinen)
lysiini (emäksinen)
metioniini (rikkipitoinen)
N-pää (aminopää)
peptidisidos
polypeptidi
proliini (hydrofobinen)
proteiinisynteesi
reseptoriproteiini (reseptori)
rikkisilta (kovalenttiset sidokset proteiineissa)
sekundaarinen rakenne (proteiini)
seriini (varaukseton hydrofiilinen)
tertiaarinen rakenne (proteiini)
treoniini (varaukseton hydrofiilinen)
tripeptidi
tryptofaani (hydrofobinen)
tyrosiini (hydrofobinen)
valiini (hydrofobinen)

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Lääkikseen eli pänttäyskertomus

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Jun 9, 2009

Lisää biomolekyyleistä

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